Ethical policy and procedures
Publication ethics
TRENDS in Sport Sciences follow Best Practice Guidelines established by Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) (https://publicationethics.org/guidance/Guidelines)
The Editor-in-Chief and the reviewers evaluate manuscripts for their intellectual content without regard to race, gender, sexual orientation, religious belief, ethnic origin, citizenship, or political philosophy of the authors.
Publisher is committed to upholding standards of ethical behaviour at all stages of the publication process. We follow closely the industry associations, such as the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICJME) and World Association of Medical Editors (WAME), that set standards and provide guidelines for best practices in order to meet these requirements. Authors and editors, have ethical obligations with regard to the publication of the results of research. According to our publishing policy, manuscripts not conforming to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki should not be accepted for publication.
Research ethics (human subjects)
When reporting on research that involves human subjects, human material, human tissues, or human data, authors must declare that the investigations were carried out following the rules of the Declaration of Helsinki (https://www.wma.net/what-we-do/medical-ethics/declaration-of-helsinki/). The approval from an ethics committee should be obtained before undertaking the research, and an adequate statement should be placed in the Methods Section of the article (including the project identification code, date of approval, and name of the ethics committee).In addition, a scan of such consent should be attached during the submission process.
Example of an ethical statement: "All subjects gave their informed consent for inclusion before they participated in the study. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and the protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of ........ (identification code)."
Policies for research on human and vulnerable populations
Authors should follow the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki of the World Medical Association (www.wma.net). The manuscript should contain a statement that the work has been approved by the relevant institutional review boards or ethics committees and that all human participants gave informed consent. Identifying information, including patients’ names, initials, or hospital numbers, should not be published.
Vulnerable populations (children) require special protection during research.Researchers need to consider additional ethics concerns or issues arising from working with potentially vulnerable persons. In cases where research involves potentially vulnerable groups, for example children, older persons or adults with learning disabilities, every effort should be made to secure freely given informed consent that participants or their legal representatives have actively provided.
Research ethics (animals)
Authors should ensure that their research follows the commonly-accepted '3Rs':
- Replacement of animals by alternatives wherever possible,
- Reduction in number of animals used, and
- Refinement of experimental conditions and procedures to minimize the harm to animals.
Authors are encouraged to follow the ARRIVE (Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments) guidelines (https://www.nc3rs.org.uk/sites/default/files/documents/Guidelines/NC3Rs%20ARRIVE%20Guidelines%202013.pdf). Studies on animals must be approved by an appropriate committee and the approval should be indicated in Methods Section of the article.
Editors reserve the right to reject any submission that does not meet these requirements.
Confidentiality
The Editor-in-Chief, the members of the Editorial Board, and any editorial staff must not disclose any information about a submitted manuscript to anyone other than the authors of the manuscript, reviewers, potential reviewers, other editorial advisers, and the publisher, as appropriate.
Unpublished materials disclosed in a submitted manuscript will not be used in the own research of the Editor-in-Chief or the members of the Editorial Board without the express written consent of the author.
Authorship
Authorship credit is to be based on:
Conflict of interests
The authors must disclose all conflicts of interest to the Editor and describe them on a separate page enclosed with the manuscript:
Additional requirements for authors
Authors are obliged to state their contribution to the article in a short cover letter. Ghost authorship exists when someone has made substantial contributions to writing a manuscript and this role is not mentioned in the manuscript itself. Ghost authorship is not permitted in any form and under any circumstances. All persons involved in the preparation of the manuscript submitted to TSS must be declared as authors or identified in an acknowledgments section. No persons whose contribution to the submitted work was insignificant may be included among the authors.
Civil responsibility
The Editor is responsible for the content of the manuscript; however, full responsibility for the content of the article lies with the Author, and for the advertisements with the sponsoring company or marketing company. The Editorial Board and the Publisher do not take responsibility for any possible unreliability of presented research results.
Copyright
Unless otherwise specified, when submitting the manuscript to the Editor the Authors transfer copyright (including printing, electronic publishing and on-line publishing) to the Publisher.
Author self-archiving
The authors are permitted and encouraged to post published articles on their personal or institutional website, with a clear indication of that the paper was published in this journal and with a link to the journal's site.
Publication decision
The Editor-in-Chief of the journal is responsible for deciding which of the articles submitted to the journal should be published. The editor may be guided by the editorial policies of the journal and constrained by such legal requirements as shall then be in force regarding libel, copyright infringement, and plagiarism. The editor may confer with the members of the Editorial Board or reviewers in making this decision.
Reporting standards
Authors of reports of original research should present an accurate account of the work performed as well as an objective discussion of its significance. Underlying data should be represented accurately in the paper. A paper should contain sufficient detail and references to permit others to replicate the work. Fraudulent or knowingly inaccurate statements constitute unethical behavior and are unacceptable.
Data access and retention
Authors are encouraged to provide the raw data in connection with a paper for both editorial review and public access (consistent with the ALPSP-STM Statement on Data and Databases) if possible, and should in any event be prepared to retain such data for a reasonable time after publication.
Originality and plagiarism
Plagiarism is using the words, tables, grafics or ideas of others and presenting them as your own. Such activity is a form of fraud. It can take many forms, from deliberately seeking academic advantage by replicating the work of others, to accidentally copying from a source without obtaining permission from the rights holder.
The Editor will not accept a paper which employs ghostwriting or guest authorship, and will disclose all such practices, especially symptoms of scientific dishonesty (breaking or compromising the ethical principles effective in scientific research) and plagiarism
The author accepts that a submitted manuscript may be screened for plagiarism against previously published works (iThenticate - plagiarism checker). Manuscripts that are found to have been plagiarized will incur plagiarism sanctions: immediate rejection of the submitted manuscript or published article, prohibition of any new submissions.
The authors should ensure that they have written entirely original works, and if the authors have used the work and/or words of others that this has been appropriately cited or quoted.
Multiple, redundant or concurrent publication
An author should not in general publish manuscripts describing essentially the same research in more than one journal or conference. Submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal or conference constitutes unethical publishing behavior and is unacceptable.
Acknowledgement of sources
Proper acknowledgment of the work of others must always be given. Authors should cite publications that have been influential in determining the nature of the reported work.
Authorship of the paper
Authorship should be limited to those who have made a significant contribution to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the reported study. All those who have made significant contributions should be listed as co-authors. Where there are others who have participated in certain substantive aspects of the research project, they should be acknowledged or listed as contributors. The corresponding author should ensure that all appropriate co-authors and no inappropriate co-authors are included on the paper, and that all co-authors have seen and approved the final version of the paper and have agreed to its submission for publication.
Disclosure and conflicts of interest
All authors should disclose in their manuscript any financial or other substantive conflict of interest that might be construed to influence the results or interpretation of their manuscript. All sources of financial support for the project should be disclosed.
Authors will be asked to sign a copyright transfer agreement as well as a conflict of interest statement. This enables the publisher to administer copyright on behalf of the authors and the society, while allowing the continued use of the material by the author for scholarly communication.
Fundamental errors in published works
When an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in his or her own published work, it is the author’s obligation to promptly notify the journal editor or publisher and cooperate with the editor to retract or correct the paper.
Contribution to editorial decisions
Peer review assists the Editor-in-Chief, Deputy Editor, and the Editorial Board in making editorial decisions, and through the editorial communications with the author, it may also assist the author in improving the paper.
Promptness
A selected referee who feels unqualified to review the research reported in a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editor and decline to review the paper.
Confidentiality
The manuscripts received for review will be treated as confidential documents. They will not be shown to or discussed with others except as authorized by the editor.
Standards of objectivity
Reviews should be conducted objectively. Personal criticism of the author is unacceptable. Referees should express their views clearly with supporting arguments.
Acknowledgement of sources
Reviewers should attempt to identify relevant published work that has not been cited by the authors. Any statement that a result or argument has been previously reported should be accompanied by the relevant citation. A reviewer should also call to the editor's attention any substantial similarity or overlap between the manuscript under consideration and any other published paper of which they have personal knowledge.
Disclosure and conflict of interest
Privileged information or ideas obtained through peer review must be kept confidential and not used for personal advantage. Reviewers should not consider manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest resulting from competitive, collaborative, or other relationships or connections with any of the authors, companies, or institutions connected to the papers.
Editors are responsible for deciding which articles are accepted for publication. Editors act in a balanced, objective and fair way while carrying out their expected duties, without discrimination on grounds of gender, sexual orientation, religious or political beliefs, ethnic or geographical origin of the authors.
Publisher and Editors are always ready to publish corrections, clarifications, withdrawals and apologies if there is a legitimate need.
In the situation when there is a suspicion that an inappropriate research procedure described in the work sent by autors has taken place, the authors are obliged by the editorial office - if not yet submitted - to submit information regarding the approval of the described research procedure by a properly established ethics committee to conduct clinical trials.
All advertisements should be approved by the journal owner, publisher or Editor in Chief. Advertisements are a separate section from content. The advertisement in the publisher‘s journal is not a guarantee, nor an endorsement of the given product, service, company, or of the claims made in such advertising by the publisher, editors or journal owner. Advertising is clearly distinguished from the editorial content.
All advertisements should identify the advertiser by trademark or signature.
The publisher is not responsible for any damages, including but not limited to actual, direct, incidental, or consquental damages.
All individuals have individual rights that are not to be infringed. Individual participants in studies have, the right to decide what happens to the (identifiable) personal data gathered, to what they have said during a study, as well as to any photograph that was taken. This is especially true concerning images of vulnerable people (e.g. minors, patients, refugees, etc). In many instances authors need to secure written consent before including images. Identifying details (names, dates of birth, identity numbers, biometrical characteristics (such as for example facial features) of the participants that were studied should not be published in written descriptions, photographs, and genetic profiles unless the information is essential for scholarly purposes and the participant (or parent/guardian if the participant is a minor or incapable or legal representative) gave written informed consent for publication. Under certain circumstances consent is not required as long as information is anonymized and the submission does not include images that may identify the person.
Informed consent for publication should be obtained if there is any doubt. For example, masking the eye region in photographs of participants is
inadequate protection of anonymity. If identifying characteristics are altered to protect anonymity, such as in genetic profiles, authors should provide assurance that alterations do not distort meaning.
Exceptions where it is not necessary to obtain consent:
• Images such as x rays, laparoscopic images, ultrasound images, brain scans, pathology slides unless there is a concern about identifying information in which case, authors should ensure that consent is obtained.
• If images are being reused from prior publications, the Publisher will assume that the prior publication obtained the relevant information regarding consent. Authors should provide the appropriate attribution for republished images.
TRENDS in Sport Sciences is published in open acces without any requirements or restrictions. Journal is committed to a more open research landscape, facilitating faster and more effective research discovery by enabling reproducibility and verification of data, methodology and reporting standards. We encourage all authors of articles published in our journal to share their research data including, but not limited to: raw data, processed data, algorithms, protocols, methods. All authors willing to share such data have the opportunity to do so and they are made available in the form of supplementary materials.
TRENDS in Sport Sciences follow Best Practice Guidelines established by Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) (https://publicationethics.org/guidance/Guidelines)
The Editor-in-Chief and the reviewers evaluate manuscripts for their intellectual content without regard to race, gender, sexual orientation, religious belief, ethnic origin, citizenship, or political philosophy of the authors.
Publisher is committed to upholding standards of ethical behaviour at all stages of the publication process. We follow closely the industry associations, such as the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICJME) and World Association of Medical Editors (WAME), that set standards and provide guidelines for best practices in order to meet these requirements. Authors and editors, have ethical obligations with regard to the publication of the results of research. According to our publishing policy, manuscripts not conforming to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki should not be accepted for publication.
Research ethics (human subjects)
When reporting on research that involves human subjects, human material, human tissues, or human data, authors must declare that the investigations were carried out following the rules of the Declaration of Helsinki (https://www.wma.net/what-we-do/medical-ethics/declaration-of-helsinki/). The approval from an ethics committee should be obtained before undertaking the research, and an adequate statement should be placed in the Methods Section of the article (including the project identification code, date of approval, and name of the ethics committee).In addition, a scan of such consent should be attached during the submission process.
Example of an ethical statement: "All subjects gave their informed consent for inclusion before they participated in the study. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and the protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of ........ (identification code)."
Policies for research on human and vulnerable populations
Authors should follow the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki of the World Medical Association (www.wma.net). The manuscript should contain a statement that the work has been approved by the relevant institutional review boards or ethics committees and that all human participants gave informed consent. Identifying information, including patients’ names, initials, or hospital numbers, should not be published.
Vulnerable populations (children) require special protection during research.Researchers need to consider additional ethics concerns or issues arising from working with potentially vulnerable persons. In cases where research involves potentially vulnerable groups, for example children, older persons or adults with learning disabilities, every effort should be made to secure freely given informed consent that participants or their legal representatives have actively provided.
Research ethics (animals)
Authors should ensure that their research follows the commonly-accepted '3Rs':
- Replacement of animals by alternatives wherever possible,
- Reduction in number of animals used, and
- Refinement of experimental conditions and procedures to minimize the harm to animals.
Authors are encouraged to follow the ARRIVE (Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments) guidelines (https://www.nc3rs.org.uk/sites/default/files/documents/Guidelines/NC3Rs%20ARRIVE%20Guidelines%202013.pdf). Studies on animals must be approved by an appropriate committee and the approval should be indicated in Methods Section of the article.
Editors reserve the right to reject any submission that does not meet these requirements.
Confidentiality
The Editor-in-Chief, the members of the Editorial Board, and any editorial staff must not disclose any information about a submitted manuscript to anyone other than the authors of the manuscript, reviewers, potential reviewers, other editorial advisers, and the publisher, as appropriate.
Unpublished materials disclosed in a submitted manuscript will not be used in the own research of the Editor-in-Chief or the members of the Editorial Board without the express written consent of the author.
Authorship
Authorship credit is to be based on:
- substantial contributions to the conception and design, data acquisition, analysis and interpretation;
- drafting an article or revising it critically for important intellectual content;
- final approval of the version to be published.
Conflict of interests
The authors must disclose all conflicts of interest to the Editor and describe them on a separate page enclosed with the manuscript:
- financial relationships (employment, consultation, stock ownership, remuneration, paid expertise),
- personal relationships,
- academic competition and others which could affect, according to the Editor or Readers, the content of the study,
- sponsorship of the whole or part of the study – draft, collection, analysis and interpretation of data, report writing and decision on submitting for publication.
Additional requirements for authors
Authors are obliged to state their contribution to the article in a short cover letter. Ghost authorship exists when someone has made substantial contributions to writing a manuscript and this role is not mentioned in the manuscript itself. Ghost authorship is not permitted in any form and under any circumstances. All persons involved in the preparation of the manuscript submitted to TSS must be declared as authors or identified in an acknowledgments section. No persons whose contribution to the submitted work was insignificant may be included among the authors.
Civil responsibility
The Editor is responsible for the content of the manuscript; however, full responsibility for the content of the article lies with the Author, and for the advertisements with the sponsoring company or marketing company. The Editorial Board and the Publisher do not take responsibility for any possible unreliability of presented research results.
Copyright
Unless otherwise specified, when submitting the manuscript to the Editor the Authors transfer copyright (including printing, electronic publishing and on-line publishing) to the Publisher.
Author self-archiving
The authors are permitted and encouraged to post published articles on their personal or institutional website, with a clear indication of that the paper was published in this journal and with a link to the journal's site.
Publication decision
The Editor-in-Chief of the journal is responsible for deciding which of the articles submitted to the journal should be published. The editor may be guided by the editorial policies of the journal and constrained by such legal requirements as shall then be in force regarding libel, copyright infringement, and plagiarism. The editor may confer with the members of the Editorial Board or reviewers in making this decision.
Duties of authors
Reporting standards
Authors of reports of original research should present an accurate account of the work performed as well as an objective discussion of its significance. Underlying data should be represented accurately in the paper. A paper should contain sufficient detail and references to permit others to replicate the work. Fraudulent or knowingly inaccurate statements constitute unethical behavior and are unacceptable.
Data access and retention
Authors are encouraged to provide the raw data in connection with a paper for both editorial review and public access (consistent with the ALPSP-STM Statement on Data and Databases) if possible, and should in any event be prepared to retain such data for a reasonable time after publication.
Originality and plagiarism
Plagiarism is using the words, tables, grafics or ideas of others and presenting them as your own. Such activity is a form of fraud. It can take many forms, from deliberately seeking academic advantage by replicating the work of others, to accidentally copying from a source without obtaining permission from the rights holder.
The Editor will not accept a paper which employs ghostwriting or guest authorship, and will disclose all such practices, especially symptoms of scientific dishonesty (breaking or compromising the ethical principles effective in scientific research) and plagiarism
The author accepts that a submitted manuscript may be screened for plagiarism against previously published works (iThenticate - plagiarism checker). Manuscripts that are found to have been plagiarized will incur plagiarism sanctions: immediate rejection of the submitted manuscript or published article, prohibition of any new submissions.
The authors should ensure that they have written entirely original works, and if the authors have used the work and/or words of others that this has been appropriately cited or quoted.
Multiple, redundant or concurrent publication
An author should not in general publish manuscripts describing essentially the same research in more than one journal or conference. Submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal or conference constitutes unethical publishing behavior and is unacceptable.
Acknowledgement of sources
Proper acknowledgment of the work of others must always be given. Authors should cite publications that have been influential in determining the nature of the reported work.
Authorship of the paper
Authorship should be limited to those who have made a significant contribution to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the reported study. All those who have made significant contributions should be listed as co-authors. Where there are others who have participated in certain substantive aspects of the research project, they should be acknowledged or listed as contributors. The corresponding author should ensure that all appropriate co-authors and no inappropriate co-authors are included on the paper, and that all co-authors have seen and approved the final version of the paper and have agreed to its submission for publication.
Disclosure and conflicts of interest
All authors should disclose in their manuscript any financial or other substantive conflict of interest that might be construed to influence the results or interpretation of their manuscript. All sources of financial support for the project should be disclosed.
Authors will be asked to sign a copyright transfer agreement as well as a conflict of interest statement. This enables the publisher to administer copyright on behalf of the authors and the society, while allowing the continued use of the material by the author for scholarly communication.
Fundamental errors in published works
When an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in his or her own published work, it is the author’s obligation to promptly notify the journal editor or publisher and cooperate with the editor to retract or correct the paper.
Duties of reviewers
Contribution to editorial decisions
Peer review assists the Editor-in-Chief, Deputy Editor, and the Editorial Board in making editorial decisions, and through the editorial communications with the author, it may also assist the author in improving the paper.
Promptness
A selected referee who feels unqualified to review the research reported in a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editor and decline to review the paper.
Confidentiality
The manuscripts received for review will be treated as confidential documents. They will not be shown to or discussed with others except as authorized by the editor.
Standards of objectivity
Reviews should be conducted objectively. Personal criticism of the author is unacceptable. Referees should express their views clearly with supporting arguments.
Acknowledgement of sources
Reviewers should attempt to identify relevant published work that has not been cited by the authors. Any statement that a result or argument has been previously reported should be accompanied by the relevant citation. A reviewer should also call to the editor's attention any substantial similarity or overlap between the manuscript under consideration and any other published paper of which they have personal knowledge.
Disclosure and conflict of interest
Privileged information or ideas obtained through peer review must be kept confidential and not used for personal advantage. Reviewers should not consider manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest resulting from competitive, collaborative, or other relationships or connections with any of the authors, companies, or institutions connected to the papers.
Duties and responsibilities of Editors
Editors are responsible for deciding which articles are accepted for publication. Editors act in a balanced, objective and fair way while carrying out their expected duties, without discrimination on grounds of gender, sexual orientation, religious or political beliefs, ethnic or geographical origin of the authors.
Publisher and Editors are always ready to publish corrections, clarifications, withdrawals and apologies if there is a legitimate need.
In the situation when there is a suspicion that an inappropriate research procedure described in the work sent by autors has taken place, the authors are obliged by the editorial office - if not yet submitted - to submit information regarding the approval of the described research procedure by a properly established ethics committee to conduct clinical trials.
Policies regarding advertisements
All advertisements should be approved by the journal owner, publisher or Editor in Chief. Advertisements are a separate section from content. The advertisement in the publisher‘s journal is not a guarantee, nor an endorsement of the given product, service, company, or of the claims made in such advertising by the publisher, editors or journal owner. Advertising is clearly distinguished from the editorial content.
All advertisements should identify the advertiser by trademark or signature.
The publisher is not responsible for any damages, including but not limited to actual, direct, incidental, or consquental damages.
Informed consent policy
All individuals have individual rights that are not to be infringed. Individual participants in studies have, the right to decide what happens to the (identifiable) personal data gathered, to what they have said during a study, as well as to any photograph that was taken. This is especially true concerning images of vulnerable people (e.g. minors, patients, refugees, etc). In many instances authors need to secure written consent before including images. Identifying details (names, dates of birth, identity numbers, biometrical characteristics (such as for example facial features) of the participants that were studied should not be published in written descriptions, photographs, and genetic profiles unless the information is essential for scholarly purposes and the participant (or parent/guardian if the participant is a minor or incapable or legal representative) gave written informed consent for publication. Under certain circumstances consent is not required as long as information is anonymized and the submission does not include images that may identify the person.
Informed consent for publication should be obtained if there is any doubt. For example, masking the eye region in photographs of participants is
inadequate protection of anonymity. If identifying characteristics are altered to protect anonymity, such as in genetic profiles, authors should provide assurance that alterations do not distort meaning.
Exceptions where it is not necessary to obtain consent:
• Images such as x rays, laparoscopic images, ultrasound images, brain scans, pathology slides unless there is a concern about identifying information in which case, authors should ensure that consent is obtained.
• If images are being reused from prior publications, the Publisher will assume that the prior publication obtained the relevant information regarding consent. Authors should provide the appropriate attribution for republished images.
Data sharing policy
TRENDS in Sport Sciences is published in open acces without any requirements or restrictions. Journal is committed to a more open research landscape, facilitating faster and more effective research discovery by enabling reproducibility and verification of data, methodology and reporting standards. We encourage all authors of articles published in our journal to share their research data including, but not limited to: raw data, processed data, algorithms, protocols, methods. All authors willing to share such data have the opportunity to do so and they are made available in the form of supplementary materials.
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| eISSN: | 2391-436X |
| ISSN: | 2299-9590 |
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